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Background: Contemporary development of growing urban communities and increasing the economical and industrial activities in the current century without paying attention to assess the effect of these activities on human health, as the axis of the development, is caused urban air pollution and risks from different pollutant emissions. Tehran air pollution has received considerable media coverage in the recent years. Since particulate matter (TSP and PM10) is one of the most important pollutants in this city, a study was conducted to assess TSP and PM10 concentrations and to make a qualitative assessment of air using the Air Quality Index (AQI), with TSP and PM10 sampling both on a daily and monthly basis. Methods: Tehran University was considered as the study area from December 2005 to May 2006. In order to determine the amount of TSP and PM10, 50 samples were taken as follows: for TSP with high volume sampler and 50 samples and for pm10 with laser dust monitor model 107 apparatus.     Findings: According to results of this study: Esfand (February) with the average 190.63 µg/m3 was the most polluted month in terms of TSP and Farvardin (March) with the average 118.5 µg/m3 was the cleanest month. Day (December) with the average 66.5 µg/m3 was the most polluted month in terms of PM10 and Farvardin (March) with the average 42.1 µg/m3 was the cleanest month. Conclusion: According to the Air Quality Index (AQI), in 96% of the samples TSP was below 100 (AQI < 100) and in the remaining 4%, AQI was above 100 (AQI > 100). In 98% of the samples the Air Quality Index (AQI) for PM10 was below 100 (AQI < 100) and in the remaining 2%, AQI was above 100 (AQI > 100).

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Background: Lead can penetrate into the human body through various routes including ingestion, inhalation and cutaneous. Using cosmetic products such as lipstick and eye shadow is considered as one of the cutaneous sources of lead entrance into the body. Pregnancy hypertension, IQ loss and abortion are the major adverse effects of lead absorption. Lead concentration in most popular brands was investigated in this study in order to identify the best quality of the consumed eye shadows. Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical study conducted in Isfahan city in 2011. The information about most widely consumed brands of cosmetics eye shadows were obtained from the major cosmetics and makeup sellers. Based on the statistical procedures, 15 samples of high-consumed eye shadow brands were selected and analyzed by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). Findings: Lead concentration in all the studied subjects was 0.85 to 6 µg /g of eye shadow based on their wet or fresh mass. The total mean lead level in all the samples was 3.53µg/g. The maximum and minimum lead concentration in the samples were obtained in Flomar (5.66 µg/g) and Kavian (1.5 µg/g) brands, respectively. Conclusion: In this study, lead concentration of the eye shadows was lower than the recommended value by the Amercian food and drug administration (FDA). In order to prevent from the adverse and harmful health effects of the cosmetic products on human, particularly on pregnant women and infants, the lead levels of the cosmetics must be monitored.