Azar Tol, Sima Smaelee-Shahmirzadi, Kamal Azam, Bahram Mohebbi, Ahmad Saedi, Roya Sadeghi,
Volume 9, Issue 6 (9-2013)
Abstract
Background: Desirable dietary behavior adaption is one of the main parts among type 2 diabetes mellitus which can result in preventing and decreasing disease complications. Evidence revealed that improving dietary habits and behaviors can be helpful in diabetes control. This study aimed to assess dietary habits among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus referee to Tehran University of Medical Sciences affiliated hospitals, Iran, in 2012. Methods: In this descriptive study, 480 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled by convenience sampling method. The used questionnaire study included socio-demographic aspects; besides, a 51-items self-report instrument was used containing four general questions about dietary habits and four subscales reflecting domains including general diabetes information (12 items), planning, shopping, and preparing meals (6 items), eating meals (17 items) and family influence on dietary habits (12 items). Data collection was conducted in four selected hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Findings: Mean age of participants was 59.96 ± 11.53 years. Mean scores of __AWT_QUOTE__general diabetes information__AWT_QUOTE__, __AWT_QUOTE__planning, shopping, and preparing meals__AWT_QUOTE__, __AWT_QUOTE__eating meals__AWT_QUOTE__ and __AWT_QUOTE__family influence on dietary habits__AWT_QUOTE__ were 53.72 ± 19.83, 57.31 ± 23.82, 52.27 ± 12.13, and 64.72 ± 14.3, respectively. __AWT_QUOTE__Family influence on dietary habits__AWT_QUOTE__ was highlighted as the most important domain in dietary habits instrument. In various domains of the questionnaire, food labeling, type and amount of meals calories, attention to eat regular main meals and snack, obtaining perceived support from family achieved the highest mean score. Conclusion: We suggest planning and implementation of theory-based intervention programs aimed to do eating habits modifications in order to improve knowledge and dietary behaviors adopting among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It seems that patient;s family participation, as enabling factors, can facilitate the aim.
Habib Shareinia, Fatemeh Mamashli, Bahareh Mehranipoor, Leila Sadegh-Moghadam, Majid Daneshfar,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (7-2023)
Abstract
Background: Due to the increasing number of elderly people in Iran, as well as chronic diseases, such as diabetes, in the elderly, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between spiritual health and hope with adherence to the medication regimens in the elderly with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in the diabetes clinic of 22 Bahman Hospital in Gonabad, Iran. The data were collected using the demographic information form, Herth Hope Index (HHI), Paloutzian and Ellison Spiritual Well Being Scale, and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) by interview method. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Spearman coefficient in SPSS software.
Findings: Most of the participants had high spiritual health, high hope, and low adherence to medication regimen. In addition, spiritual health was directly related to treatment adherence (P < 0.05); however, no relationship was found between hope and treatment adherence (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: High hope in an elderly person cannot be a reason for good adherence to medication regimen, but for appropriate medication adherence, it is necessary for the elderly to have correct and sufficient information about their medication and treatment plan.
