Journal of Health System Research
مجله تحقیقات نظام سلامت
J Health Syst Res
Medical Sciences
http://hsr.mui.ac.ir
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مرور سیستماتیک مداخلات فرزندآوری در ایران: مطالعه مبتنی بر کاربرد الگوها و نظریههای آموزش بهداشت و ارتقای سلامت
A Systematic Review of Childbearing Interventions in Iran: An Analysis Based on the Application of Health Education and Health Promotion Models and Theories
آموزش بهداشت و ارتقاء سلامت
education health and promotion
پژوهشي
Research
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">مقدمه: </span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">نیاز به برنامههای آموزشی برای فرزندآوری یک مفهوم جهانی است که به طور گسترده تبلیغ میشود. به خصوص در دهههای اخیر که کاهش سریع نرخ باروری کل در ایران چالشهای جمعیتی جدی را ایجاد کرده است، این برنامهها میتواند به زوجین کمک کند تا فرایند تصمیمگیری برای فرزندآوری را تسهیل و برنامههای بارداری را طراحی و اجرا کنند. </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">سؤال اصلی پژوهش حاضر</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> این بود که </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">آیا مطالعات داخلی در موضوع کاربرد الگوها و نظریههای آموزش بهداشت در تحقیقات مداخلهای فرزندآوری از بلوغ کافی برخوردار است؟</span></span><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">روشها</span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">: در<b> </b>این<b> </b>مطالعه، تمامی مقالات پژوهشی ایرانی (فارسی و انگلیسی) در بانکهای دادهای داخلی [</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">Magiran</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">، </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">Scientific Information Database</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> (</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">SID</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">)] و خارجی (</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">Web of Science</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">، </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">ScienceDirect</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">، </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">Scopus</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">، </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">PubMed</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) و موتور جستجوگ</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">ر </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">Google Scholar</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> طی بازه زمانی ابتدا تا پایان سال 2023 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">یافتهها:</span></span></b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">از بین 3693 مقاله مورد بررسی، 8 مقاله مرتبط با هدف تحقیق یافت شد. پرکاربردترین تئوری با فراوانی 7، تئوری رفتار برنامهریزی شده (</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">TPB</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> یا </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">Theory of planned behavior</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) بود که در 6 مقاله، مداخله آموزشی مبتنی بر این تئوری بر قصد باروری زنان اثرگذار بود. مقاله دیگر از مدل فرانظری استفاده کرده بود که این مدل تأثیر معنیداری بر تصمیمگیری باروری زنان داشت</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">. به جزء یک مطالعه، جامعه هدف در سایر پژوهشها فقط زنان بودند.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">نتیجهگیری:</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> به کارگیری الگوها و نظریههای آموزش بهداشت</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">میتواند</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> با قصد باروری و تصمیمگیری آگاهانه افراد برای فرزندآوری در ارتباط باشد و باعث اثربخشی بیشتر آموزشها شود</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">. با این وجود، تنوع و کاربرد آنها در مطالعات مداخلهای فرزندآوری بسیار محدود بود. </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">از نقش کلیدی مردان در طراحی مداخلات آموزشی فرزندآوری غفلت شده است</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> که باید مورد توجه پژوهشگران حوزه سلامت قرار گیرد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Background:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The need for educational programs related to childbearing is a universal concept that has gained significant attention. Especially, in recent decades that the rapid decline in the total fertility rate in Iran has created serious demographic challenges, these programs can assist couples in facilitating the decision-making process regarding childbearing and in designing and implementing pregnancy plans. The primary question of this study is whether the existing research on the application of health education models and theories in childbearing intervention studies demonstrates sufficient maturity.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Methods:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The present study utilized all Iranian research studies (both Persian and English) from various databases, including domestic sources [Magiran, Scientific Information Database (SID)] and foreign sources (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect), as well as the Google Scholar search engine, covering the period from the beginning to the end of 2023.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Findings:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Among the 3693 reviewed articles, 8 articles were identified as relevant to the purpose of the study. The most frequently utilized theory, appearing in 7 articles, was the Theory of Planned Behavior, which demonstrated effectiveness in influencing women's fertility intentions in 6 of those articles. Another article employed a transtheoretical model, which significantly impacted women's fertility decision-making. Except for one study, all others focused exclusively on women as the target population.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The application of health education theories and models can significantly influence individuals' intentions regarding fertility and their informed decisions about having children, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of training programs. However, the variety and application of these theories in interventional studies related to childbearing have been quite limited. Additionally, the crucial role of men has often been overlooked in the design of educational interventions for childbearing, which should be a primary focus for health researchers</span></span></span></span></span></div>
آموزش بهداشت, فرزندآوری, الگو, نظریه, مرور ساختار یافته
Health education, Childbearing, Model, Theory, Systematic review
131
143
http://hsr.mui.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-667-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Maryam
Ghahramany
مریم
قهرمانی
Ghahramani95@gmail.com