Volume 22, Issue 2 (7-2026)
J Health Syst Res 2026, 22(2): 269-276 |
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Research code: 2516
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Masoudi R, Rabiei L. Design and Psychometrics of an Instrument for Measuring Childbearing Challenges. J Health Syst Res 2026; 22 (2) :269-276
URL: http://hsr.mui.ac.ir/article-1-1742-en.html
URL: http://hsr.mui.ac.ir/article-1-1742-en.html
1- Associate Professor, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2- Associate Professor, Department of Public Health, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2- Associate Professor, Department of Public Health, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract: (21 Views)
Background: Childbearing significantly impacts the composition and structure of the population. According to available statistics, Iran is experiencing a decline in population growth, making the issue of childbearing particularly important. This study aimed to design and psychometrically evaluate an instrument to measure the challenges associated with childbearing.
Methods: This sequential exploratory mixed-methods study focused on instrument development. It was conducted between 2022-2023 among married men and women aged 15-49 in Shahrekord City, Iran, selected via simple random sampling. The questionnaire items were developed based on findings from a qualitative study. A psychometric questionnaire was designed, and its validity (face, content, and construct) and reliability were confirmed. Data were analyzed using SPSS software.
Findings: The results of this research elucidate the dimensions of the concept of childbearing challenges, specifically within the families studied. The primary issues related to childbearing identified in the qualitative study included pregnancy and child-rearing concerns, societal attitudes toward childbearing, economic status, and social support. Subsequently, a 24-item questionnaire was developed for the exploratory content analysis phase. During this phase, four items were removed due to factor loadings below 0.40, resulting in a final 20-item instrument with factor loadings ranging from 0.56 to 0.88. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated as 0.82.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the exploratory factor analysis (EFA), the Childbearing Challenges Questionnaire demonstrates strong validity and reliability, making it suitable for assessing individuals' parenting status.
Methods: This sequential exploratory mixed-methods study focused on instrument development. It was conducted between 2022-2023 among married men and women aged 15-49 in Shahrekord City, Iran, selected via simple random sampling. The questionnaire items were developed based on findings from a qualitative study. A psychometric questionnaire was designed, and its validity (face, content, and construct) and reliability were confirmed. Data were analyzed using SPSS software.
Findings: The results of this research elucidate the dimensions of the concept of childbearing challenges, specifically within the families studied. The primary issues related to childbearing identified in the qualitative study included pregnancy and child-rearing concerns, societal attitudes toward childbearing, economic status, and social support. Subsequently, a 24-item questionnaire was developed for the exploratory content analysis phase. During this phase, four items were removed due to factor loadings below 0.40, resulting in a final 20-item instrument with factor loadings ranging from 0.56 to 0.88. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated as 0.82.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the exploratory factor analysis (EFA), the Childbearing Challenges Questionnaire demonstrates strong validity and reliability, making it suitable for assessing individuals' parenting status.
Type of Study: Applicable |
Subject:
education health and promotion
Received: 2024/01/29 | Accepted: 2025/10/25 | Published: 2026/07/6
Received: 2024/01/29 | Accepted: 2025/10/25 | Published: 2026/07/6
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