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Background: In this study the overall, age and sex prevalence of diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure were calculated and the association among some risk factors and these two diseases, occurring simultaneously, were studied. Methods: In this cross-sectional study 3000 Isfahanian men and women between the ages of 15-64 were investigated by using stratified sampling method with multi-stage clustering from 2007-2009. Information related to potential risk factors related to high blood pressure, diabetes and also the conditions of these diseases was asses and measured for each subject using a comprehensive questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression model was used for data analysis in the R software version 2.13.2. Findings: The overall prevalence of diabetes 2 mellitus was estimated 6.6% and overall prevalence of high blood pressure was estimated at 22.2%. The prevalence of high blood pressure was greater in women than men (22.4% in comparison to 22.06%, P < 0.05). Moreover, the prevalence of diabetes was also higher in women than men (8.27% in comparison to 4.86%, P < 0.01). There was a significant correlation among diabetes and age, gender, BMI and family history. There was also a significant correlation among high blood pressure and age, gender, BMI and smoking. Conclusion: This study showed that the prevalence of diabetes and specially high blood pressure is high in this society and the prevalence of both diseases in women is higher than men. The majority of these risk factors are variables that we can control with our life style. Therefore,   general training and prevention should be focused on promoting a healthy life style in society with more attention to women.

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