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Background: As the fertility is a sociological factor, there are a lot of factors and problems that can affect on fertility and change it. Women employment can have an important effect on fertility. Although women employment in society are in need due to their sociological and economical roles but the facilities for taking care of children for women is not enough satisfactory; and also their tendency to having another child and fertility will decrease. Methods: In this study, researcher use measurement method and the responders were 610 women who were married with the age of 15-49 and had one child and as employed women. These women live in Esfahan, Kashan, Semirom, Golpayeghan and Najaf Abad. Findings: Most of women were in middle economical and sociological rank and most of them were between 20-24age and their husbands were between 25-29 age. Their education was around bachelor and most of them had a child younger than 4 years. They tend to have two children and it was their preference for having child. They thought it's better for couples having two children. Education, employer degree, economical and sociological rank, perception of having children affect on tendency to having second child (p< 0/001) and sex preference does not have significant effect to tendency to having second child (p=0/193). Conclusion: Finding showed that most of women who work have their first child when there are under the 30 years old and they prefer to have two children.

Keywords: Employment, Fertility, Second Child, Working Women

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