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Background: The improvement of attitudes and behaviors within a society with the aim of altering wrong beliefs can increase organ donation after brain death. This research aimed to assess the attitudes and behaviors toward organ donation in Isfahan, Iran.Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 975 individuals of over 15 years of age in Isfahan. The participants were selected from 10 districts of the city using random stratified sampling method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of a demographic form and an attitudes and behavior questionnaire. The data were analyzed using independent t-test and ANOVA in SPSS software. The significance level was considered as less than 0.05.Findings: The mean attitude and behavior scores of the participants were, respectively, 36.8 ± 6 and 0.47 ± 0.2 (out of 1) which were desirable. There was a correlation between gender and attitude. Educational level also had an effect on attitude and performance regarding organ donation (P < 0.05). Attitude score was higher in people who had desirable behavior and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).Conclusion: This study suggests that attitudes and behavior toward organ donation in Isfahan is at a moderate level. Attitude score was higher in people who had desirable behavior; thus, the donation rate, and consequently, the rate of transplantation can be increased through public education in the community and promotion of positive attitudes.

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