Volume 20, Issue 4 (1-2025)
J Health Syst Res 2025, 20(4): 427-436 |
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Research code: IR.gmu.Rec.14000.75
Ethics code: IR.gmu.Rec.14000.75
Clinical trials code: IRCT20220204053935N1
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Khosraviasl T, Moshki M, Mosafarkhani E, Dogonchi M. Promotion of Brucellosis Prevention Behaviors by Health Ambassadors: Application of Social Cognitive Theory. J Health Syst Res 2025; 20 (4) :427-436
URL: http://hsr.mui.ac.ir/article-1-1555-en.html
URL: http://hsr.mui.ac.ir/article-1-1555-en.html
1- MSc Student, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
2- Professor, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health AND Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
3- Assistant Professor, Department of Epidemiology, School of Health AND Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
2- Professor, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health AND Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
3- Assistant Professor, Department of Epidemiology, School of Health AND Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Abstract: (655 Views)
Background: Brucellosis is one of the most prevalent zoonotic diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans. Despite various eradication programs, it continues to be an endemic health issue in many regions worldwide, particularly in developing countries. Education plays a fundamental role in controlling and preventing this disease. Consequently, this study was conducted to assess the impact of educational programs for health ambassadors, grounded in cognitive-social theory, on promoting preventive behaviors against brucellosis among residents of rural areas in Mashhad City, Iran, in 2020.
Methods: This research is a randomized controlled trial (RCT). The study included 120 residents from rural areas of Mashhad City, selected through a stratified random sampling method. In the first stage, classes were randomly chosen. In the second stage, samples were randomly collected from these classes. Participants from two villages were assigned to either the intervention or control group. The training program implemented in this study involved training health ambassadors by the researcher, followed by the training of villagers by these health ambassadors. Data were collected using a researcher-developed questionnaire that included demographic information, constructs of social cognitive theory, and behavioral data. Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and Mann-Whitney U test were employed to analyze and compare the data.
Findings: The mean age of participants in the intervention group was 33.90 ± 9.97 years, while in the control group, it was 36.90 ± 9.35 years. A statistically significant difference was observed between the mean scores of constructs of knowledge, outcome expectations, outcome value, self-efficacy, self-efficacy in overcoming obstacles, self-regulation, emotional adjustment, and behavior measurement after the intervention compared to before the intervention (P < 0.001). However, no significant difference was found in the mean scores of constructs including situational awareness and environmental perception after the intervention (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that educational programs designed to train health ambassadors and rural communities, when based on cognitive-social theory, which emphasizes individual, cognitive, environmental, and behavioral factors, effectively promote disease prevention behaviors, particularly for brucellosis. Therefore, we recommend the large-scale implementation of regular intervention programs grounded in educational theories as an effective strategy.
Methods: This research is a randomized controlled trial (RCT). The study included 120 residents from rural areas of Mashhad City, selected through a stratified random sampling method. In the first stage, classes were randomly chosen. In the second stage, samples were randomly collected from these classes. Participants from two villages were assigned to either the intervention or control group. The training program implemented in this study involved training health ambassadors by the researcher, followed by the training of villagers by these health ambassadors. Data were collected using a researcher-developed questionnaire that included demographic information, constructs of social cognitive theory, and behavioral data. Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and Mann-Whitney U test were employed to analyze and compare the data.
Findings: The mean age of participants in the intervention group was 33.90 ± 9.97 years, while in the control group, it was 36.90 ± 9.35 years. A statistically significant difference was observed between the mean scores of constructs of knowledge, outcome expectations, outcome value, self-efficacy, self-efficacy in overcoming obstacles, self-regulation, emotional adjustment, and behavior measurement after the intervention compared to before the intervention (P < 0.001). However, no significant difference was found in the mean scores of constructs including situational awareness and environmental perception after the intervention (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that educational programs designed to train health ambassadors and rural communities, when based on cognitive-social theory, which emphasizes individual, cognitive, environmental, and behavioral factors, effectively promote disease prevention behaviors, particularly for brucellosis. Therefore, we recommend the large-scale implementation of regular intervention programs grounded in educational theories as an effective strategy.
Keywords: Health education, Health ambassadors, Social cognitive theory, Preventive behaviors, Brucellosis
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
education health and promotion
Received: 2023/05/20 | Accepted: 2024/01/13 | Published: 2025/01/4
Received: 2023/05/20 | Accepted: 2024/01/13 | Published: 2025/01/4
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