Volume 22, Issue 3 (10-2026)
J Health Syst Res 2026, 22(3): 556-568 |
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Research code: 57171
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Jafari H, Nasirian M. Frequency of Drug, Alcohol, and Tobacco Use and Their Association with Social Network Size and Social Support among 18- to 49-Year-Olds in Lanjan, Isfahan, Iran. , J Health Syst Res. 2026; 22 (3) :556-568
URL: http://hsr.mui.ac.ir/article-1-1942-en.html
URL: http://hsr.mui.ac.ir/article-1-1942-en.html
1- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2- Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2- Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Abstract: (409 Views)
Background: The use of psychoactive substances, alcohol, and tobacco exerts a substantial impact on public health. These consumption patterns may be influenced by various factors. The present study investigated the prevalence of substance, alcohol, and tobacco use and its relationship with the size of social networks and the level of social support in Lenjan County, Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 603 individuals aged 18 to 49 years residing in Lenjan County (Zarrinshahr and Fooladshahr) from November 2022 to May 2023, who were selected through multistage cluster sampling method. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews conducted by male and female interviewers at Comprehensive Health Service Centers, using the Social Network Questionnaire, the Persian version of the Norbeck Social Support Questionnaire, and a behavioral questionnaire for substance and alcohol consumption. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the relationships between high-risk behaviors and the variables studied. Data were analyzed using Stata software, with statistical significance set at P < 0.05.
Findings: The prevalence of substance, alcohol, and tobacco use in the year prior to the study was 14.93%, 40.3%, and 53.4%, respectively. The average size of the social network was approximately 195 people, and the average social support score was 134. Age was inversely related to substance use [Odds ratio (OR): 0.97; P = 0.03], while male gender (OR = 8.01; P < 0.001), divorce (OR = 3.72; P = 0.010), and rental housing status (OR: 1.78; P = 0.070) were positively associated with substance, alcohol, and tobacco use. There was no significant relationship between substance use and social network size or social support score (P > 0.05). Substance use among individuals with a lifetime history of alcohol and tobacco use was 44.8 times [95% confidence interval (CI): 32.16-36.40] and 91.4 times (95% CI: 57.20-61.60) higher, respectively, compared to the rest of the population.
Conclusion: Given the high prevalence of substance, alcohol, and tobacco use in Zarrinshahr and Fooladshahr, it is recommended that immediate interventions be planned and implemented to educate individuals and raise awareness about the adverse consequences of consumption—particularly regarding stimulants, cannabis, and alcoholic beverages—while simultaneously addressing and mitigating the cultural normalization of substance use.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 603 individuals aged 18 to 49 years residing in Lenjan County (Zarrinshahr and Fooladshahr) from November 2022 to May 2023, who were selected through multistage cluster sampling method. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews conducted by male and female interviewers at Comprehensive Health Service Centers, using the Social Network Questionnaire, the Persian version of the Norbeck Social Support Questionnaire, and a behavioral questionnaire for substance and alcohol consumption. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the relationships between high-risk behaviors and the variables studied. Data were analyzed using Stata software, with statistical significance set at P < 0.05.
Findings: The prevalence of substance, alcohol, and tobacco use in the year prior to the study was 14.93%, 40.3%, and 53.4%, respectively. The average size of the social network was approximately 195 people, and the average social support score was 134. Age was inversely related to substance use [Odds ratio (OR): 0.97; P = 0.03], while male gender (OR = 8.01; P < 0.001), divorce (OR = 3.72; P = 0.010), and rental housing status (OR: 1.78; P = 0.070) were positively associated with substance, alcohol, and tobacco use. There was no significant relationship between substance use and social network size or social support score (P > 0.05). Substance use among individuals with a lifetime history of alcohol and tobacco use was 44.8 times [95% confidence interval (CI): 32.16-36.40] and 91.4 times (95% CI: 57.20-61.60) higher, respectively, compared to the rest of the population.
Conclusion: Given the high prevalence of substance, alcohol, and tobacco use in Zarrinshahr and Fooladshahr, it is recommended that immediate interventions be planned and implemented to educate individuals and raise awareness about the adverse consequences of consumption—particularly regarding stimulants, cannabis, and alcoholic beverages—while simultaneously addressing and mitigating the cultural normalization of substance use.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Biostatistics and Epidemiology
Received: 2024/12/15 | Accepted: 2025/11/10 | Published: 2026/10/7
Received: 2024/12/15 | Accepted: 2025/11/10 | Published: 2026/10/7
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