Volume 22, Issue 3 (10-2026)
J Health Syst Res 2026, 22(3): 556-568 |
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Research code: 57171
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Jafari H, Nasirian M. Frequency of Drug, Alcohol, and Tobacco Use and Their Association with Social Network Size and Social Support among 18- to 49-Year-Olds in Lanjan, Isfahan, Iran. J Health Syst Res 2026; 22 (3) :556-568
URL: http://hsr.mui.ac.ir/article-1-1942-en.html
URL: http://hsr.mui.ac.ir/article-1-1942-en.html
1- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2- Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2- Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Abstract: (4 Views)
Background: The effects of drugs, psychotropic substances, alcohol, and tobacco on health are significant. Their use may be influenced by various factors. This study investigated the frequency of drug, alcohol, and tobacco use and its relationship with the size of social networks and the level of social support in Lenjan County, Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 603 individuals aged 18 to 49 residing in Lenjan County (Zarrinshahr and Foladshahr) from November 2022 to May 2023, selected through multistage cluster sampling. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews conducted by male and female interviewers at health service centers, using the Social Network Size, Nurnberg Social Support, and Walkol Substance Use Behavioral questionnaires. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the relationships between high-risk behaviors and the variables studied. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Data analysis was conducted using Stata.
Findings: The prevalence of drug, alcohol, and tobacco use in the year prior to the study was 14.93%, 40.3%, and 53.4%, respectively. The average size of the social network was approximately 195 people, and the average social support score was 134. Age was inversely related to substance use (P = 0.03; OR = 0.97), while male gender
(P < 0.001; OR = 0.8), divorce (P = 0.01; OR = 3.72), and rental housing status (P = 0.07; OR = 1.78) were positively associated with drug, alcohol, and tobacco use. There was no significant relationship between substance use and social network size or social support score (P > 0.05). Substance use among individuals who have consumed alcohol and tobacco during their lifetime was 44.8 times (95% CI: 16.32-4.36) and 49.9 times (95% CI: 610.6-572.2) higher, respectively, than among others.
Conclusion: Given the high prevalence of substance use, including alcohol and tobacco, in the cities of Foladshahr and Zarrinshahr, it is recommended that immediate interventions be planned and implemented to educate individuals and raise awareness about the adverse consequences of substance use—particularly stimulants, cannabis, and alcoholic beverages—and to change the culture that normalizes consumption.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 603 individuals aged 18 to 49 residing in Lenjan County (Zarrinshahr and Foladshahr) from November 2022 to May 2023, selected through multistage cluster sampling. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews conducted by male and female interviewers at health service centers, using the Social Network Size, Nurnberg Social Support, and Walkol Substance Use Behavioral questionnaires. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the relationships between high-risk behaviors and the variables studied. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Data analysis was conducted using Stata.
Findings: The prevalence of drug, alcohol, and tobacco use in the year prior to the study was 14.93%, 40.3%, and 53.4%, respectively. The average size of the social network was approximately 195 people, and the average social support score was 134. Age was inversely related to substance use (P = 0.03; OR = 0.97), while male gender
(P < 0.001; OR = 0.8), divorce (P = 0.01; OR = 3.72), and rental housing status (P = 0.07; OR = 1.78) were positively associated with drug, alcohol, and tobacco use. There was no significant relationship between substance use and social network size or social support score (P > 0.05). Substance use among individuals who have consumed alcohol and tobacco during their lifetime was 44.8 times (95% CI: 16.32-4.36) and 49.9 times (95% CI: 610.6-572.2) higher, respectively, than among others.
Conclusion: Given the high prevalence of substance use, including alcohol and tobacco, in the cities of Foladshahr and Zarrinshahr, it is recommended that immediate interventions be planned and implemented to educate individuals and raise awareness about the adverse consequences of substance use—particularly stimulants, cannabis, and alcoholic beverages—and to change the culture that normalizes consumption.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Biostatistics and Epidemiology
Received: 2024/12/15 | Accepted: 2025/11/10 | Published: 2026/10/7
Received: 2024/12/15 | Accepted: 2025/11/10 | Published: 2026/10/7
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